@article{oai:nuis.repo.nii.ac.jp:00002678,
 author = {ORSINI, Philippe and Uchida, Toru and ORSINI, Philippe and Uchida, Toru},
 journal = {新潟国際情報大学経営情報学部紀要},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {Traditional categorization of foreign subsidiaries' (top) managers has been dominated by the PCN-HCN (parent country national - host country national, i.e. "expatriate" versus "local") nationality-based dichotomy. This dichotomy was complemented by the TCN(third country national).Then, in 1997, appeared the SIE(self-initiated expatriate), as opposed to the OE(organizational expatriate). Here, the new categorization criteria was the initiator of the relocation: organization or individual. In this paper we propose a categorization based on a specific set of skills: national culture competencies. We believe that this typology is more relevant to understand cultural boundary spanners and their roles, motivations and performance at multiple hierarchical levels within the subsidiary (as opposed to looking only at top managers).},
 pages = {77--83},
 title = {National Culture Competencies and Foreign Subsidiary Staffing: A Typology of Boundary Spanners},
 volume = {1},
 year = {2018},
 yomi = {オルシニ, フィリップ and ウチダ, トオル}
}